Uhlalutyo olunzulu lweSicelo sePolycrystalline Diamond Compact (PDC) kwiShishini lokuCwangcisa lokuLungisa

Abstract

I-Polycrystalline Diamond Compact (PDC), eqhele ukubizwa ngokuba yi-diamond composite, iguqule ishishini lomatshini oluchanekileyo ngenxa yobunzima bayo obukhethekileyo, ukuxhathisa ukunxiba, kunye nokuzinza kwe-thermal. Eli phepha libonelela ngohlalutyo olunzulu lweempawu zePDC, iinkqubo zokuvelisa, kunye nezicelo eziphambili kumatshini ochanekileyo. Ingxoxo igubungela indima yayo ekusikeni ngesantya esiphezulu, ukucoleka kwe-ultra-precision, i-micro-machining, kunye ne-aerospace component fabrication. Ukongeza, imiceli mngeni efana neendleko eziphezulu zemveliso kunye nokuqina kuyalungiswa, kunye neendlela ezizayo kwitekhnoloji yePDC.

1. Intshayelelo

Ukuchaneka komatshini kufuna izinto ezinobunzima obuphezulu, ukuqina, kunye nokuzinza kwe-thermal ukufezekisa ukuchaneka kwenqanaba le-micron. Izixhobo zezixhobo zemveli ezifana ne-tungsten carbide kunye ne-high-speed steel zivame ukuwa phantsi kweemeko ezinzima, ezikhokelela ekwamkelweni kwezinto eziphambili ezifana ne-Polycrystalline Diamond Compact (PDC). I-PDC, i-synthetic diamond-based material, ibonisa ukusebenza okungenakulinganiswa kwi-machining eqinile kunye ne-brittle materials, kuquka iiseramics, ii-composites, kunye neentsimbi eziqinileyo.

Eli phepha liphonononga iimpawu ezisisiseko zePDC, ubuchule bayo bokwenza, kunye nefuthe layo loguqulo kumatshini ochanekileyo. Ngaphaya koko, ivavanya imiceli mngeni yangoku kunye nenkqubela phambili yexesha elizayo kwitekhnoloji yePDC.

2. IiPropati zeMathiriyeli zePDC

I-PDC iqulethe i-layer ye-polycrystalline diamond (PCD) eboshwe kwi-tungsten carbide substrate phantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu, ubushushu obuphezulu (HPHT). Iipropati eziphambili ziquka:

2.1 Ukuqina Okugqithisileyo kunye nokuNxibelela ukuNganyangeki

Idayimane yeyona nto inzima eyaziwayo (ubulukhuni be-Mohs ye-10), okwenza i-PDC ilungele ukusetyenzwa kwezixhobo ezinqabileyo.

Ukumelana nokunxiba okuphezulu kwandisa ubomi besixhobo, ukunciphisa ixesha lokuphumla kubumatshini obuchanekileyo.

2.2 High Thermal Conductivity

Ukutshatyalaliswa kobushushu obusebenzayo kuthintela ukuguqulwa kwe-thermal ngexesha lomatshini okhawulezayo.

Ukunciphisa ukunxiba kwesixhobo kunye nokuphucula ukugqitywa komphezulu.

2.3 Ukuzinza kweMichiza

Ukumelana neekhemikhali kunye nezixhobo ze-ferrous kunye ne-non-ferrous.

Yehlisa ukuthotywa kwesixhobo kwindawo ezonakalisayo.

2.4 Ukuqina Kokwaphuka

I-tungsten carbide substrate yongeza ukuchasana kwempembelelo, ukunciphisa ukutshiphuka kunye nokuphuka.

3. Inkqubo yokwenziwa kwePDC

Ukuveliswa kwePDC kubandakanya amanyathelo amaninzi abalulekileyo:

3.1 Ukudibanisa umgubo wedayimani

Amasuntswana edayimani enziweyo aveliswa ngeHPHT okanye ngekhemikhali yokubeka umphunga (CVD).

3.2 Inkqubo yeSintering

Umgubo wedayimane ugalelwe kwi-tungsten carbide substrate phantsi koxinzelelo olugqithisileyo (5-7 GPa) kunye nobushushu (1,400-1,600 ° C).

I-catalyst yesinyithi (umzekelo, i-cobalt) iququzelela i-diamond-to-diamond bonding.

3.3 Emva kokwenziwa komsebenzi  

I-Laser okanye i-electrical discharge machining (EDM) isetyenziselwa ukubumba iPDC kwizixhobo zokusika.

Unyango lwangaphezulu luphucula ukuncamathela kunye nokunciphisa uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo.

4. Izicelo kwi-Precision Machining

4.1 Ukusikwa okukhawulezileyo kweMathiriyeli ezingeNyonsi

Izixhobo zePDC zigqwesa kwimachining aluminiyam, ubhedu, kunye nekhabhoni fiber composite.

Izicelo kwimoto (piston machining) kunye ne-electronics (PCB milling).

4.2 I-Ultra-Precision Ukugaya i-Optical Components

Isetyenziswa kwi-lens kunye nokwenziwa kwesipili kwiilaser kunye neeteleskopu.

Ukuphumeza uburhabaxa bomphezulu we-sub-micron (Ra <0.01 µm).

4.3 IMicro-Machining yeZixhobo zoNyango

I-PDC micro-drills kunye neend Mills zivelisa iimpawu ezintsonkothileyo kwizixhobo zotyando kunye nokufakelwa.

4.4 UMatshini weCandelo le-Aerospace  

I-machining titanium alloys kunye neCFRP (i-carbon fiber-reinforced polymers) kunye nokunxiba kwesixhobo esincinci.

4.5 IiCeramics eziPhezulu kunye noMatshini weNsimbi eQiweyo

I-PDC idlula i-cubic boron nitride (CBN) kwi-machining silicon carbide kunye ne-tungsten carbide.

5. Imingeni kunye neMida

5.1 Iindleko eziphezulu zeMveliso

Udibaniso lwe-HPHT kunye neendleko zemathiriyeli yedayimani zinciphisa ukwamkelwa ngokubanzi.

5.2 Ukonakala ekusikeni okuphazamisekileyo

Izixhobo zePDC ziqhelene nokutshiphuza xa kusetyenzwa imiphezulu engaqhubekiyo.

5.3 Ukuthotywa kweThermal kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu

IGraphitization yenzeka ngaphezu kwe-700 ° C, inciphisa ukusetyenziswa komatshini owomileyo wemathiriyeli yeferrous.

5.4 UkuNxibelelana okuNcinciweyo kunye neeNyithi ezityebileyo

Ukusabela kweekhemikhali ngentsimbi kukhokelela ekugugeni okukhawulezileyo.

6. IiNdlela zekamva kunye nezinto ezintsha  

6.1 I-PDC eyakhiwe ngeNano

Ukufakwa kweenkozo ze-nano-diamond kwandisa ukuqina kunye nokuxhatshazwa kokugqoka.

6.2 Izixhobo ze-PDC-CBN zeHybrid

Ukudibanisa i-PDC kunye ne-cubic boron nitride (CBN) ye-ferrous metal machining.

6.3 Ukwenziwa kweZixhobo zePDC  

Ushicilelo lwe-3D lunika amandla iijometri ezintsonkothileyo kwizisombululo zomatshini ezilungelelanisiweyo.

6.4 IiNgqungquthela eziPhezulu

Iingubo zedayimane ezifana nekhabhoni (i-DLC) ziphucula ngakumbi ubomi besixhobo.

7. Isiphelo

I-PDC ibaluleke kakhulu kumatshini ochanekileyo, ibonelela ngokusebenza okungenakuthelekiswa nanto ekusikeni ngesantya esiphezulu, ukugaya okuchanekileyo, kunye ne-micro-machining. Ngaphandle kwemiceli mngeni efana neendleko eziphezulu kunye nokonakala, inkqubela phambili eqhubekayo kwisayensi yezinto eziphathekayo kunye nobuchule bokwenza isithembiso sokwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwayo ngakumbi. Ubutsha bexesha elizayo, kubandakanya i-nano-structured PDC kunye noyilo lwesixhobo esixutyiweyo, luya kuqinisa indima yalo kwisizukulwana esilandelayo sobuchwephesha bomatshini.