Ukunxiba kwe-thermal kunye nokususwa kwe-cobalt yePDC

I. Ukunxiba kwe-thermal kunye nokususwa kwe-cobalt yePDC

Kwinkqubo yoxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-PDC, i-cobalt isebenza njenge-catalyst yokukhuthaza indibaniselwano ethe ngqo yedayimani kunye nedayimane, kwaye yenza umaleko wedayimani kunye ne-tungsten carbide matrix ibe yinto yonke, ekhokelela ekusikeni kwe-PDC amazinyo afanelekileyo kwi-oilfield drilling kunye nokuqina okuphezulu kunye nokuxhathisa ukunxiba,

Ukumelana nobushushu kwedayimani kulinganiselwe. Ngaphantsi koxinzelelo lomoya, umphezulu wedayimani unokutshintsha kumaqondo obushushu ajikeleze i-900℃ okanye ngaphezulu. Ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, ii-PDC zemveli zikholisa ukuthotywa malunga ne-750℃. Xa kugrunjwa kumatye aqinileyo narhabulayo, ii-PDCs zinokufikelela lula kobu bushushu ngenxa yobushushu obuguquguqukayo, kwaye ubushushu obukhawulezileyo (oko kukuthi, ubushushu bendawo ethile kwinqanaba lemicroscopic) bunokuba phezulu nangakumbi, bugqithe kakhulu kwindawo yokunyibilika kwe-cobalt (1495°C).

Xa kuthelekiswa nedayimane ecocekileyo, ngenxa yobukho be-cobalt, idayimane iguqulela kwigraphite kumaqondo obushushu asezantsi. Ngenxa yoko, ukuguga kwedayimani kubangelwa yigraphitization ebangelwa kubushushu obuqhekekileyo bendawo. Ukongezelela, i-coefficient yokwandisa i-thermal ye-cobalt iphezulu kakhulu kunedayimane, ngoko ke ngexesha lokufudumala, ukudibanisa phakathi kweenkozo zedayimani kunokuphazamiseka ngokunyuka kwe-cobalt.

Ngo-1983, abaphandi ababini benza unyango lokususwa kwedayimani kumphezulu womgangatho wedayimane wePDC, okomeleza kakhulu ukusebenza kwamazinyo ePDC. Nangona kunjalo, olu yilo aluzange lufumane ngqalelo olulufaneleyo. Kwakungekho de kwasemva kuka-2000 ukuba, ngokuqonda okunzulu kweeleya zedayimani zePDC, ababoneleli be-drill baqala ukusebenzisa le teknoloji kumazinyo ePDC asetyenziswa ekugrunjweni kwamatye. Amazinyo aphathwa ngale ndlela afaneleka kakhulu kukwakheka kwe-abrasive kunye ne-thermal mechanical wear ebalulekileyo kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo kuthiwa yi-"de-cobalted" amazinyo.

Into ebizwa ngokuba yi-"de-cobalt" yenziwe ngendlela yendabuko yokwenza iPDC, kwaye emva koko umphezulu wedayimane yayo ifakwe kwi-asidi eqinile ukususa isigaba se-cobalt ngenkqubo ye-acid etching. Ubunzulu bokususwa kwe-cobalt bunokufikelela malunga nama-microns angama-200.

Uvavanyo lokunxiba olunzima lwenziwa kumazinyo amabini afanayo ePDC (elinye lawo lalifumene unyango lokususa icobalt kumphezulu wedayimane). Emva kokusika i-5000m ye-granite, kwafunyaniswa ukuba izinga lokugqoka le-PDC engasuswanga i-cobalt yaqala ukunyuka ngokukhawuleza. Ngokwahlukileyo, i-PDC ekhutshwe nge-cobalt igcine isantya esizinzile sokusika ngelixa isika malunga ne-15000m yamatye.

2. Indlela yokufumanisa yePDC

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zeendlela zokubona amazinyo ePDC, oko kukuthi, uvavanyo olutshabalalisayo kunye novavanyo olungonakalisi.

1. Uvavanyo olutshabalalisayo

Olu vavanyo lwenzelwe ukulinganisa iimeko zemingxuma ngokunyanisekileyo kangangoko ukuvavanya ukusebenza kokusika amazinyo phantsi kweemeko ezinjalo. Iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zovavanyo olutshabalalisayo luvavanyo lokumelana nokunxiba kunye neemvavanyo zokuxhathisa impembelelo.

(1) Gqoka uvavanyo lokumelana

Iindidi ezintathu zezixhobo zisetyenziselwa ukwenza uvavanyo lokumelana nokunxiba kwePDC:

Ilathe ethe nkqo (VTL)

Ngethuba lovavanyo, lungisa kuqala i-PDC bit kwi-lathe ye-VTL kwaye ubeke isampuli ye-rock (ngokuqhelekileyo i-granite) ecaleni kwe-PDC bit. Emva koko ujikelezisa isampuli yelitye ujikeleze i-lathe axis ngesantya esithile. I-bit ye-PDC isika kwisampulu yamatye ngobunzulu obuthile. Xa usebenzisa i-granite yokuvavanya, obu bunzulu bokusika ngokuqhelekileyo bungaphantsi kwe-1 mm. Olu vavanyo lunokuba lomile okanye lubemanzi. "Kuvavanyo lwe-VTL eyomileyo," xa i-PDC inqumla ilitye, akukho kupholisa kusetyenziswa; bonke ubushushu obukhukhulayo obuveliswayo bungena kwiPDC, bukhawulezisa inkqubo yegraphitization yedayimane. Le ndlela yokuvavanya ivelisa iziphumo ezigqwesileyo xa uvavanya amasuntswana ePDC phantsi kweemeko ezifuna uxinzelelo oluphezulu lokomba okanye isantya esiphezulu sokujikeleza.

"Uvavanyo lwe-VTL olumanzi" lufumanisa ubomi bePDC phantsi kweemeko zokufudumeza okuphakathi ngokupholisa amazinyo ePDC ngamanzi okanye umoya ngexesha lokuvavanya. Ke ngoko, owona mthombo uphambili wokunxiba kolu vavanyo kukusila isampulu yelitye kunento yokufudumeza.

B, ilethe ethe tyaba

Olu vavanyo lukwaqhutywa ngegranite, kwaye umgaqo wovavanyo ngokusisiseko uyafana neVTL. Ixesha lovavanyo yimizuzu embalwa kuphela, kwaye ukothuka kwe-thermal phakathi kwegranite kunye namazinyo ePDC kuncinci kakhulu.

Iiparamitha zovavanyo lwegranite ezisetyenziswa ngababoneleli bezixhobo zePDC ziya kwahluka. Umzekelo, iiparamitha zovavanyo ezisetyenziswa yi-Synthetic Corporation kunye neNkampani ye-DI e-United States azifani ncam, kodwa zisebenzisa imathiriyeli ye-granite efanayo kuvavanyo lwabo, ilitye elirhabaxa ukuya kwibakala eliphakathi lepolycrystalline igneous ene-porosity encinci kakhulu kunye namandla acinezelayo we-190MPa.

C. Isixhobo sokulinganisa umlinganiselo we-abrasion

Phantsi kweemeko ezikhankanyiweyo, umaleko wedayimane wePDC usetyenziselwa ukucheba ivili lokusila i-silicon carbide, kunye nomlinganiselo womgangatho wokunxiba wevili lokusila kunye nesantya sokunxiba sePDC sithathwa njengesalathiso sokunxiba sePDC, esibizwa ngokuba ngumyinge wokunxiba.

(2) Uvavanyo lokumelana nempembelelo

Indlela yokuvavanya impembelelo ibandakanya ukufakela amazinyo ePDC kwi-engile ye-15-25 degrees kwaye emva koko uwisa into ukusuka kumphakamo othile ukubetha umaleko wedayimani kumazinyo ePDC ngokuthe nkqo. Ubunzima kunye nokuphakama kwento ewayo kubonisa inqanaba lamandla empembelelo elifunyenwe lizinyo lokuvavanya, elinokunyusa ngokuthe ngcembe ukuya kwi-100 joules. Izinyo ngalinye linokuchaphazeleka amaxesha angama-3-7 de lingakwazi ukuvavanywa ngakumbi. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ubuncinane iisampuli ezili-10 zohlobo ngalunye lwezinyo zivavanywa kwinqanaba ngalinye lamandla. Ekubeni kukho uluhlu lokuxhathisa amazinyo ukuba nempembelelo, iziphumo zovavanyo kwinqanaba ngalinye lamandla yindawo ephakathi yedayimane yokuchitha emva kwempembelelo yezinyo ngalinye.

2. Uvavanyo olungonakalisi

Eyona ndlela isetyenziswayo kakhulu yokuvavanya engonakalisi (ngaphandle kokuhlola okubonwayo kunye ne-microscopic) yi-ultrasonic scanning (Cscan).

Itekhnoloji yokuskena yeC inokubona iziphene ezincinci kwaye imisele indawo kunye nobungakanani beziphene. Xa usenza olu vavanyo, qala ubeke izinyo lePDC kwitanki yamanzi, uze uskene nge-ultrasonic probe;

Eli nqaku liprintwe kwakhona ku “Uthungelwano lokuSebenza ngesinyithi lwamazwe ngamazwe“