1. Ukuveliswa kwedayimani egqunywe ngekhabhayithi
Umgaqo wokuxuba umgubo wesinyithi nedayimani, ukufudumeza ukuya kubushushu obumiselweyo kunye nokugcina ubushushu ixesha elithile phantsi kwe-vacuum. Kolu bushushu, uxinzelelo lomphunga wesinyithi lwanele ukugquma, kwaye kwangaxeshanye, isinyithi sifunxwa kumphezulu wedayimani ukuze senze idayimani egqunyiweyo.
2. Ukukhethwa kwesinyithi esigqunywe ngentsimbi
Ukuze idayimani iqine kwaye ithembeke, kwaye iqonde ngcono impembelelo yendlela equlathe ngayo i-coating force kumandla e-coating, kufuneka kukhethwe isinyithi esigqumayo. Siyazi ukuba idayimani yi-alloomorphism ye-C, kwaye i-lattice yayo yi-tetrahedron eqhelekileyo, ngoko ke umgaqo wokugquma i-metal composition kukuba isinyithi sinobuhlobo obuhle bekhabhoni. Ngale ndlela, phantsi kweemeko ezithile, intsebenziswano yeekhemikhali yenzeka kwindawo yokuhlangana, yenze i-chemical bond eqinileyo, kwaye kwenziwa i-Me-C membrane. Ithiyori yokungena kunye nokunamathela kwinkqubo yedayimani-metal ibonisa ukuba intsebenziswano yeekhemikhali yenzeka kuphela xa i-adhesion isebenza i-AW> 0 kwaye ifikelela kwixabiso elithile. Izinto zesinyithi zeqela le-B elifutshane kwitheyibhile ye-periodic, ezifana ne-Cu, Sn, Ag, Zn, Ge, njl. zine-affinity embi ye-C kunye nomsebenzi wokunamathela ophantsi, kwaye iibhondi ezenziweyo ziibhondi ze-molecular ezingomelelanga kwaye akufuneki zikhethwe; iimetali zotshintsho kwitheyibhile ende yeperiodic, ezifana neTi, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, njl., zinomsebenzi omkhulu wokunamathela kwinkqubo yeC. Amandla okusebenzisana kweC kunye neemetali zotshintsho ayanda ngenani lee-electron zomaleko we-d, ngoko ke iTi kunye neCr zifanelekile ngakumbi ukugubungela iimetali.
3. Uvavanyo lwezibane
Kwiqondo lobushushu elingama-8500C, idayimani ayinakufikelela kumandla asimahla ee-athomu zekhabhoni ezisebenzayo kumphezulu wedayimani kunye nomgubo wesinyithi ukwenza i-metal carbide, kwaye ubuncinci i-9000C ukufezekisa amandla afunekayo ekwakhiweni kwe-metal carbide. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ubushushu buphezulu kakhulu, buya kubangela ilahleko yokutsha kobushushu kwidayimani. Ukuqwalasela impembelelo yempazamo yokulinganisa ubushushu kunye nezinye izinto, ubushushu bovavanyo lokugquma bubekwe kwi-9500C. Njengoko kunokubonwa kubudlelwane phakathi kwexesha lokufakelwa kunye nesantya sokusabela (ngezantsi),? Emva kokufikelela kumandla asimahla ekuveliswa kwe-metal carbide, impendulo iqhubeka ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ngokuveliswa kwe-carbide, izinga lokuphendula liya kucotha kancinci. Akukho mathandabuzo ukuba ngokwandiswa kwexesha lokufakelwa, uxinano kunye nomgangatho womaleko kuya kuphucuka, kodwa emva kwemizuzu engama-60, umgangatho womaleko awuchaphazeleki kakhulu, ngoko ke sibeka ixesha lokufakelwa njengeyure e-1; okukhona i-vacuum iphezulu, kokukhona kungcono, kodwa kunqunyelwe kwiimeko zovavanyo, ngokubanzi sisebenzisa i-10-3mmHg.
Umgaqo wokuphucula amandla okufakwa kwiphakheji
Iziphumo zovavanyo zibonisa ukuba umzimba we-fetus unamandla kunedayimani egqunyiweyo kunedayimani engagqunywanga. Isizathu sokuba umzimba we-fetus ube namandla okufaka idayimani egqunyiweyo kukuba, ngokwam, kukho iziphene zomphezulu kunye nokuqhekeka okuncinci kumphezulu okanye ngaphakathi kwayo nayiphi na idayimani yokwenziwa engagqunywanga. Ngenxa yokubakho kwezi microcracks, amandla edayimani ayancipha, kwelinye icala, i-C element yedayimani ayifane isabelane nezinto zomzimba we-fetus. Ke ngoko, umzimba wetayara yedayimani engagqunywanga yiphakheji yokukhupha ngomatshini, kwaye olu hlobo lokufakwa kwephakheji lubuthathaka kakhulu. Nje ukuba umthwalo ube buthathaka, ii-microcracks ezingentla ziya kukhokelela ekuxinezelekeni, okubangela ukwehla kwamandla okufakwa kwephakheji. Ityala ledayimani ethwele umthwalo omkhulu lahlukile, ngenxa yokufakwa kwefilimu yesinyithi, iziphene ze-lattice yedayimani kunye nokuqhekeka okuncinci ziyazaliswa, kwelinye icala, amandla edayimani egqunyiweyo ayanda, kwelinye icala, izaliswe zii-microcracks, akusekho nto ibangela uxinzelelo. Okubaluleke ngakumbi, ukungena kwesinyithi esidibeneyo emzimbeni wetayara kuguqulwa kube yikhabhoni kumphezulu wedayimani. Ukungena kweekhompawundi. Isiphumo kukuba isinyithi esidibeneyo kwi-engile yokumanzisa idayimani ukusuka ngaphezulu kwe-100 o ukuya ngaphantsi kwe-500 o, siphucule kakhulu isinyithi esidibeneyo sokumanzisa idayimani, senze umzimba wetayara wephakheji yedayimani egubungelayo esekwe yiphakheji yokuqala yomatshini wokukhupha ibe yiphakheji yokubopha, oko kukuthi idayimani egubungelayo kunye nomzimba wetayara, ngaloo ndlela iphucula kakhulu umzimba we-fetus.
Ubuchule bokufaka iipakethe. Kwangaxeshanye, sikholelwa ukuba ezinye izinto ezifana neeparameters zokusinta, ubungakanani bedayimani egqunywe nge-coated particle, ibakala, ubungakanani be-fetal particles njalo njalo zinempembelelo ethile kumandla okufaka iipakethe. Uxinzelelo olufanelekileyo lokusinta lunokunyusa uxinano oluxinzelelweyo kwaye luphucule ubulukhuni bomzimba we-fetal. Ubushushu obufanelekileyo bokusinta kunye nexesha lokufakelwa kwe-insulation kunokukhuthaza ukusabela kweekhemikhali zobushushu obuphezulu bokwakheka komzimba wetayara kunye nesinyithi esigqunywe nge-coated kunye nedayimani, ukuze ipakethe yebhondi iqine, ibakala ledayimani lilungile, isakhiwo sekristale sifana, isigaba esifanayo siyanyibilika, kwaye iseti yepakethe ingcono.
Isicatshulwa esivela kuLiu Xiaohui
Ixesha leposi: Matshi-13-2025
