Uhlalutyo lweempawu zoMsebenzi kwiiMpahla eziHlanu zesiXhobo sokusika ii-Superhard

Isixhobo sesixhobo esine-Superhard sibhekisa kwizinto ezinobunzima obungasetyenziswa njengesixhobo sokusika. Okwangoku, inokwahlulwa ibe ngamacandelo amabini: isixhobo sokusika idayimani kunye ne-cubic boron nitride isixhobo sokusika isixhobo. Zintlanu iindidi eziphambili zezinto ezintsha ezisetyenzisiweyo okanye eziphantsi kovavanyo

(1) Idayimani yendalo kunye neyenziweyo eyenziweyo enkulu yekristale enye

(2) I-poly diamond (PCD) kunye ne-poly diamond composite blade (PDC)

(3) Idayimani yeCVD

(4) Polycrystal cubic boron ammonia; (PCBN)

(5) CVD cubic boron ammonia ukutyabeka

I-1, yendalo kunye neyokwenziwa enkulu yedayimani yekristale enye

Idayimani yendalo yikristale yesakhiwo esifanayo ngaphandle komda wangaphakathi wengqolowa, ukwenzela ukuba i-edge yesixhobo ikwazi ukufikelela kwi-athomu egudileyo kunye nobukhali, kunye nokukwazi ukusika, ukuchaneka okuphezulu kunye namandla amancinci okusika. Ukuqina, ukuxhathisa ukunxiba kunye nokuxhathisa ukubola kunye nokuzinza kweekhemikhali zedayimani yendalo iqinisekisa ubomi obude besixhobo, inokuqinisekisa ukusika okuqhelekileyo okude, kunye nokunciphisa impembelelo yesixhobo sokunxiba ngokuchaneka kweendawo ezicutshungulwayo, ukuhanjiswa kwayo okuphezulu kwe-thermal kunokunciphisa ubushushu bokusika kunye ne-thermal deformation yamacandelo. Iimpawu ezintle zendalo enkulu yedayimani yekristale enye inokuhlangabezana uninzi lweemfuno zokuchaneka kunye nokuchaneka kwe-ultra-precision yokusika izixhobo zesixhobo. Nangona ixabiso layo libiza kakhulu, lisabonwa njengeyona nto ichanekileyo kunye nezixhobo ezichanekileyo ze-ultra, zinokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekuqhubeni izixhobo zenyukliya kunye nobunye ubuchwepheshe obuphezulu kwibala lezibuko, imijukujelwa kunye neerokethi, i-substrate ye-hard disk yekhompyutha, i-accelerator ye-electron gun super precision machining, kunye neendawo zokubukela zendabuko, ubucwebe, iipeni, i-package yentsimbi yokuhombisa i-precision processing, utyando lwe-Intha esetyenziselwa ukuchaneka, njl njl. i-scalpel, i-ultra-thin biological blades kunye nezinye izixhobo zonyango. Uphuhliso lwangoku lobushushu obuphezulu kunye neteknoloji yoxinzelelo oluphezulu yenza kube lula ukulungiselela idayimani enkulu yekristale enye enobungakanani obuthile. Inzuzo yesi sixhobo sedayimani sinobungakanani obuhle, imilo kunye nokusebenza kokuhambelana, okungafezekiswanga kwiimveliso zedayimane zendalo. Ngenxa yokunqongophala kobungakanani obukhulu bedayimane yendalo, ixabiso elibizayo, isuntswana elikhulu elenziwe ngekristale lesixhobo sedayimani kwisixhobo sokusika esichanekileyo njengeyona ndawo inkulu yedayimane yekristale, isicelo sayo siya kuphuhliswa ngokukhawuleza.

I-2, i-polycrystal diamond (i-PCD) kunye ne-polycrystal diamond blade composite blade (PDC) xa kuthelekiswa nedayimani enkulu ye-crystal enye njengesixhobo se-polycrystal diamond (PCD) kunye ne-polycrystal diamond composite blade (PDC) zineenzuzo ezilandelayo: (1) i-grain disordered arrangement, i-isotropic, i-cleavage surface. Ke ngoko, ayifani nedayimani enkulu yekristale enye kumandla ahlukeneyo omphezulu wekristale, ubulukhuni

Kwaye ukuchasana kokugqoka kuhluke kakhulu, kwaye ngenxa yobukho be-cleavage surface kwaye i-brittle.

(2) unamandla aphezulu, ingakumbi isixhobo PDC isixhobo ngenxa yenkxaso carbide matrix kwaye inefuthe eliphezulu ukumelana, impembelelo iya kuvelisa kuphela iinkozo encinane eyaphukileyo, hayi njengekristale enye idayimani ukuwa okukhulu, ngaloo ndlela kunye PCD okanye PDC isixhobo hayi kuphela ingasetyenziselwa ukusika ngokuchanekileyo kunye nesiqingatha eqhelekileyo machining ngokuchanekileyo. Kodwa kwakhona ingasetyenziswa njengesixa esikhulu somatshini orhabaxa kunye nokusetyenzwa kwamaxesha (okufana nokusila, njl.njl.), Olwandisa kakhulu uluhlu lokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zedayimani.

(3) Isixhobo esikhulu sePDC esingenanto singalungiselelwa ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zezixhobo ezinkulu zomatshini ezifana ne-milling cutter.

(4) Iimilo ezithile zingenziwa ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokulungiswa okuhlukeneyo. Ngenxa yokuphuculwa kwesixhobo se-PDC se-billet kunye neteknoloji yokucubungula efana ne-spark yombane, iteknoloji yokusika i-laser, unxantathu, i-herringbone, i-gables kunye nezinye i-billet ene-blade ekhethekileyo inokucutshungulwa kwaye yenziwe. Ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zezixhobo zokusika ezikhethekileyo, inokuphinda iyilwe njengento esongiweyo, isangweji kunye ne-roll ye-PDC yesixhobo sebhilethi.

(5) Ukusebenza kwemveliso kunokuqulunqwa okanye ukuqikelelwa, kwaye imveliso inikwe iimpawu eziyimfuneko ukulungelelanisa ukusetyenziswa kwayo. Ngokomzekelo, ukukhetha izixhobo ze-PDC ezicolekileyo zinokuphucula umgangatho womgca wesixhobo; i-coarse-grained PDC isixhobo sesixhobo sinokuphucula ukuqina kwesixhobo.

Ukuqukumbela, ngophuhliso lwezixhobo zePCD kunye nePDC, ukusetyenziswa kwePCD kunye nesixhobo sePDC kuye kwandiswa ngokukhawuleza kwimveliso emininzi.

Ishishini lisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwisinyithi non-aluminiyam (aluminiyam, ialluminiyam, ubhedu, ingxubevange yobhedu, ingxubevange magnesium, ingxubevange zinc, njl), carbide, iiseramikhi, izinto non-metallic (iplastiki, irabha enzima, carbon iintonga, iinkuni, iimveliso zesamente, njl.), imathiriyeli composite (ezifana ne-fiber CF ukugawula isinyithi, ngakumbi iplastiki ukugawulwa CF, iplastiki ukugawulwa yokuqinisa iMCC imoto kunye neshishini lokulungisa iinkuni, iye yaba yindlela ephezulu yokusebenza engenye yemveli ye-carbide.